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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>The Cost of Data</title>
<link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="description" content="A site for resources on data centers and energy usage.">
<meta name="keywords" content="Data, Data Centers, Carbon Emissions, Cloud Providers, Climate Change">
<meta name="author" content="Vaidehi Joshi">
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<meta name="twitter:site" content="@vaidehijoshi" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="The Cost of Data" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="The internet grows every day. Every second, one of us is making calls to an API, uploading images, and streaming the latest content. But what is the cost of this—is it free?" />
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</head>
<body>
<div class="content-wrapper">
<div class="header">
<h1 class="title-heading">The Cost of Data</h1>
<h2>
The internet grows every day. Every second, one of us is making calls to an API, uploading images, and streaming the latest content.
</h2>
<h3>
But what is the cost of this—is it free?
</h3>
</div>
<div class="supplemental-links">
<a href="videos.html">
<span class="supplemental-item">🎥 Videos</span>
</a>
<a href="transcript.html">
<span class="supplemental-item">📄 Transcript</span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="resources">
<h3 class="section-heading">Resources</h3>
<h4>Whitepapers + Studies</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/planet4-eastasia-stateless/2020/01/7d439834-cleancloud2020briefing.pdf">Clean Cloud 2020: Tracking Renewable Energy Use in China’s Tech Industry</a>, Greenpeace
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://uptimeinstitute.com/uptime_assets/80ae92ca9b8dfa363a077cb537f51870777499a39218906efc6d4e37e28ac3a0-beyond-pue-tackling-its-wasted-terawatts.pdf">Beyond PUE: Tackling IT’s wasted terawatts</a>, Uptime Institute
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/reports/click-clean-virginia">Clicking Clean Virginia: The Dirty Energy Powering Data Center Alley</a>, Greenpeace
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.iea.org/reports/data-centres-and-data-transmission-networks">Data Centres and Data Transmission Networks</a>, International Energy Agency
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.iea.org/reports/digitalisation-and-energy">Digitalisation and Energy</a>, International Energy Agency
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jiec.12630">Electricity Intensity of Internet Data Transmission: Untangling the Estimates</a>, Joshua Aslan, Kieren Mayers, Jonathan G. Koomey, Chris France
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eCCb3rgqtQxcRwLdTr0P_hCK_drIZrm1Dpb4dlPeG6M">The State of Data Center Energy Use in 2018</a>, Paul Johnston & Anne Currie
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Articles</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://davidmytton.blog/how-can-data-centers-use-100-renewable-electricity/">How can data centers use 100% renewable electricity?</a>, David Mytton
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://davidmytton.blog/barriers-for-startups-tackling-data-center-energy-consumption/">Barriers for startups tackling data center energy consumption</a>, David Mytton
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/24-7-renewables-the-emerging-art-of-matching-renewables-with-demand">24/7 Renewables: The Emerging Art of Matching Renewables With Demand</a>, Stephen Lacey
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://leaddev.com/building-better-software/carbon-proxies-measuring-greenness-your-application">Carbon proxies: measuring the greenness of your application</a>, Asim Hussain
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://hbr.org/2020/09/how-green-is-your-software">How Green Is Your Software?</a>, Sanjay Podder, Adam Burden, Shalabh Kumar Singh, and Regina Maruca
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://medium.com/@PaulDJohnston/climate-change-and-seeing-your-cloud-carbon-footprint-4e03c195a799">Climate Change, and Seeing your Cloud Carbon Footprint</a>, Paul Johnston
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/data-center-market-powers-up-to-meet-cloud-demand-11566898200">Data Center Market Powers Up to Meet Cloud Demand</a>, Angus Loten, The Wall Street Journal
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://e360.yale.edu/features/energy-hogs-can-huge-data-centers-be-made-more-efficient">Energy Hogs: Can World’s Huge Data Centers Be Made More Efficient?</a>, Fred Pearce, Yale School of the Environment
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06610-y">How to stop data centres from gobbling up the world’s electricity</a>, Nicola Jones, Nature Magazine
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://mostlycloudy.substack.com/p/mostly-cloudy-software-should-be">Mostly Cloudy: Software should be more energy-efficient, and cloud providers can help</a>, Angus Loten, Tom Krazit
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.techrepublic.com/article/95-of-global-data-center-traffic-will-be-from-the-cloud-by-2021">95% of global data center traffic will be from the cloud by 2021</a>, Alison DeNisco Rayome
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://fortune.com/2019/09/18/internet-cloud-server-data-center-energy-consumption-renewable-coal">The Internet Cloud Has a Dirty Secret</a>, Naomi Xu Elegant, Fortune Magazine
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://medium.com/@PaulDJohnston/what-do-climate-change-data-centres-and-cloud-have-to-do-with-each-other-9b908887c610">What do Climate Change, Data Centres and Cloud have to do with each other?</a>, Paul Johnston
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Company-Specific Statements + Articles</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/digiplex-plugs-into-district-heating-in-stockholm">DigiPlex plugs into district heating in Stockholm</a>, Peter Judge
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2016/05/19/greener-datacenters-brighter-future-microsofts-commitment-renewable-energy/#sm.000001qred3x9tcypqt8txmwsr2n4">Greener datacenters for a brighter future: Microsoft’s commitment to renewable energy</a>, Brad Smith, Microsoft
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/05/google-says-its-the-biggest-corporate-buyer-of-renewable-energy-on-the-planet.html">Google says it’s the biggest corporate buyer of renewable energy on the planet</a>, Anmar Frangoul, CNBC
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oregon-health-science-university-licenses-out-data-center-dome">Oregon Health & Science University licenses out data center dome</a>, Max Smolaks
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://stripe.com/blog/kfirst-negative-emissions-purchases">Stripe’s first negative emissions purchases</a>, Ryan Orbuch, Stripe
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://m.signalvnoise.com/towards-carbon-negativity">Towards carbon negativity</a>, Jane Yang, Basecamp
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Petitions, Manifestos, Campaigns </h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.change.org/p/sustainable-servers-by-2024">Sustainable Servers by 2024 Petition</a>, Coed:Ethics, Change.org
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/Organic-Basics/ob-low-impact-website">The Low Impact Website</a>, Organic Basics
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://climateaction.tech/blog/letsgreentheweb-together/">Let's Green the Web Together</a>, ClimateAction.tech
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Tools</h4>
<ul>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.cloudcarbonfootprint.org/">Cloud Carbon Footprint</a>
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/Organic-Basics/ob-low-impact-website">The Low Impact Website</a>, Organic Basics
</li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.thegreenwebfoundation.org/">Is Your Website Hosted Green?</a>, The Green Web Foundation
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<img src="assets/globe.png" alt="A globe emoji, with the focus on Africa"/>
<p>
This site is <a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/vaidehijoshi/cost-of-data">open source</a> and was made with 💛 by <a href="https://twitter.com/vaidehijoshi" target="_blank">Vaidehi Joshi</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>